HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Non-specific cellular and chemical defenses
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
summary of nonpecific body defense mechanisms ::
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
THE DEFENCE SYSTEMS OF THE BODY The defensive mechanism is an inborn instinct of a l…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
PROSTACYLINS THROMBOXANE AND LEUKOTRIENES These substances have been recently discove…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Miscellaneous Actions:: PGE1 and PGD2 are potent inhibitors of platelet aggregation s…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Pharmacological Action:: Prostaglandins produce variety of effects and different types…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
NEUROPEPTIDE Y AND NEUROTENSIN Neuropeptide-Y is a 36 aminoacid peptide found in hig…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Pharmacological action of ANF are as follows:: 1.it causes increase in sodium excreti…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
VASOPRESSIN It is a posterior pituitary hormone that cause antidiuretic action (henc…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
KININOGENS:: Kininogens are the precursors of kinins they are present in plasma lymph…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Structure and function of peptide mediators:: Size varies from three to several hundr…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
BIOSYNTHESIS AND REGULATION OF PEPTIDES Peptide structure is directly coded in the g…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Purines as mediators ATP functions as a neurotransmitter (or co-transmitter) at perip…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Purines as mediators:: ATP funcation as a neurotransmitter (or co-transmitter) at per…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Central Nervous System::: 5-HT is normally found in the brain (1%) and its deficienc…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Physiological Actions:: Gastrointestinal Tract: Serotonin stimulates i…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
PRECURSR Precursor in the biosynthesis of 5-HT is tryptophan it is converted to 5-hyd…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE (5-HT)
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
5- HT Receptor classification :: Recently various subtypes of 5-HT receptors have been…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Histamine receptors:: Two types of histamine receptors have been identified :(1) H1 r…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Triple response in skin:: Local application of histamine on skin produces a typical re…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Gastric acid secretion :: The secretion of gastric juice is promptly stimula…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Physiological actions of histamine:: smooth muscles:: The smooth muscles are stimulate…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Chemistry synthesis and fate of histamine:: Chemically histamine is 5-(2- aminoethyl)…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
HISTAMINE Histamine is the first vasoactive amine to be identified in the bod…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
AUTACOIDS:: Autacoids are those naturally occurring substances that produce astonishi…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
DISORDERS OF LYMPH AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM Oedema:: It is a condition which represents …
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Functions of Spleen:: 1. Formation of blood cells:: (a) RBCs are formed by the spleen…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Structure of spleen: Spleen is a lymphoid organ covered with an elastic fibrous capsu…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Functions of Lymph Nodes:: They form the first line of defence like the soldiers guar…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Factors Affecting Lymph Circulation:: Lymph flows in a closed system of lymphatic ves…
HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
CIRCULATION OF LYMPH AND LYMPHATIC SYSTEM:: Lymph flows in a closed system of vessels…
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