BLOOD PRESSURE
Definition :: Blood pressure is defined as lateral pressure exerted by the blood on the walls of blood on the walls of blood vessels the blood pressure (BP) may be regarded as 1.Arterial BP 2.Venous BP and 3.Capillary BP When not stated it is presumed as arterial BP Various phases of arterial blood pressure are :
1.Systolic BP : It is the maximum pressure during the systole of the heart (SP) 2.Diastolic BP: It is the minimum pressure during the diastole of the heart (DP) 3.Pulse Pressure: The difference between systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure is known as pulse pressure(PP)
Normal Range of BP Standard BP
SP. 110-145 mmHg SP 125 mmHg
DP. 70-90 mmHg DP 80 mmHg
PP. 40-55 mmHg PP 40 mmHg
Significance of BP:
1.Systolic pressure: It indicates the force with which the heart works It is highly variable It increases with excitement exercise meals etc and decreases with shock sleep rest etc
2.Diastolic pressure:It indicates the extent of peripheral resistance and therefore shows the peripheral resistance which the heart has to withstand it is generally constant Variations in diastolic pressare are of great clinical significance
3. Pulse pressure: It indicates the strength of stroke volume of cardiac output its quantitative relationship is not of clinical significance
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