- ANTIBODIES::
Antibodies are the substances (usually gammaglobulins) produced in the serum on exposure to antigen they are also known as immunoglobulins the characteristics of antibodies is that they are highly specific to particular antigen structurally they have two light chains and two heavy chains of peptides based on structures they are classified into 5 types -IgA IgD IgE IgG and IgM of them IgG and IgM are more important from immunity point of view IgG is produced during secondary response to antigen whereas IgM is produced during primary response to antigen some of the characteristics of different classes of antibodies are given in
characteristics of different classes of antibodies
Type of antibody Mol.wt(g) conc.in serum binding sites other characteristics
IgG 150000 1200 Two Can produce anaphylaxis seen in extra
vascular fluids
IgM 900000 100 6-10 Seen in vascular system most
effective as agglutinin
IgA 160000 400 ONE Found in serum saliva tear g.i.
secretions and bronchial secretion Effective against viruses
IgE 200000 <0.01 NIL Causes release of histamine from mast cells
IgD 185000 NOT CLRAR Present on the surface of lymphocytes
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