WATER METABOLISM IN THE BODY DISTRIBUTION OF BODY WATER::
Human body weight includes 70% of water of this 50% is in the muscles 20% in the skin 7% in blood and the rest in various tissues fluids etc percentage of water distribution in tissues is of interest water content in CSF blood and connective tissues is 90% 76% and 60% respectively Even the dry looking bones have 25% of water
Source for body water::
1.Water derived from food drinks etc is exogenus water
2. Water derived as end product of metabolism is endogenous water
Regulation of body water::
In healthy individual water input and output are equal sodium salts increase water retention in the body the body water is regulated by following factors::
1.Hormones play an important part especially the adrenal cortex and the antidiuretic hormone of the posterior pituitary regulate the water balance
2.Hypothalamus contains the centre for water equilibrium
3. Kidneys play an important role in regulating the urine formation and so also the skin by evaporation of sweat and lungs help by water vapour excretion during expiration thus homeostasis of water is maintained in the body
Water Intake in Health::
The best indicator for drinking water is thirst in summer people keep on drinking water but still remain thirsty Adding little common salt would help in decreasing thirst NaCl loss through the sweat can also be compensated
Significance of water::
(1) Water is an universal solvent for the body substances and fluids it is also required for the process of hydrolysis and is an excellent medium for ionization
(2) It is an essential cell constituent it is a medium for various biophysical processes like diffusion filtration osmosis etc that help in absorption transport and excretion of various substances such as hormones digested food and juices
(3) Refraction of rays occur through aqueous humour of the eyes it aids in maintenance of shape of the eyeball by filling up of aqueous and vitreous humour
(4) Water is required for utilisation of O2 and CO2 by sightly dissolving them it also facilitates easy respiration through the water vapours
(5) Moistening of lungs pleura pericardium synovial cavities of joints and other membranous body cavities is done by water
(6) Temperature Regulation Water aids absorption conduction and distribution of heat in and out of the body Thus water also helps the heat regulation through sweat urine lungs and faeces
(7) Fluid medium of CSF serves as great buffer to protect the CNS water is a vital fluid for the Homeostasis of tissues
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