VITAMINS
Defination::
vitamins are the organic catalysts found in food in minute traces and have no calorific value but they are vital to physiological processes of the human body
Vitamins in Diet ::
They do not produce calories and have no calorific food value but they are accessory food factors needed in very small amounts continuously by the body Their absence in the diet for prolonged periods produce deficieny diseases which are curable by supplying these vitamin in time
Sources::
Vitamins are synthesised in plants Animals synthesise a few of them and store many of them Some vitamins are also synthesised by the vitamin producing microbes of the human intestine vit B12 is synthesized by vitamin producing microbes of the human intestine vit D is synthesized through ultraviolet rays of the sun in the human skin All foods contain one or other vitamin in traces Intestinal microbes also bio synthesize vit B1 Nicotinic acid Folic acid Vit B12 Vit k etc also
Nowadays vitamins are also synthetically prepared in the laboratories and manufactured on a large scale by pharmaceutical concerns
Classification of vitamins::
1.Fat soluble::There are fat soluble vitamins namely Vit A D E and K They are also thermostable
Name : Chemical Constituent
Vit A = Retinol
Vit D =Calciferol
Vit E =Alpha tocopherol
Vit K = Methyl phytyl naphthaquinone
2.Water soluble: Vitamin B complex and vit C are water soluble and partially thermostable They are insoluble in fats
Vit B1 =Thiamine
Vit B2 = Riboflavin
Nicotinic acid (Niacin)
Vit B3 =Pantothenic acid
Vit B4 and B5 = Not confirmed in man
Vit B6 = pyridoxine
Folic acid or pteroylglutamic acid (PGA)
Vit H = Biotin
Vit B12 = Cyanocobalamine
Vit.Inositol
Vit Choline and Methyl donor
Vit C =Ascorbic acid ; It is water soluble thermolabile and highly oxidisable
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