VITAMIN B12::
Chemistry:It has a very complicated formula C63H88O14N14 PCO It is red in colour due to its cobalt content chemically it is cyanocobalamine and also named as rubramine because of the red colour it is water soluble and partially thermostable Cyanocobalamine H a Synthetic preparation gives higher and sustained level in the blood giving prolonged effect
Source::
Vitamin B12 is richly found in animal tissue like liver kidney beef egg etc It is absent in plant life That is one reason why for vegetarians milk is an important animal protein and for ovo-vegetarian it is the egg
Streptomyces griseus is a fungus which synthesises vit B12 it is manufactured on pharmaceutical scale as a by product of streptomycin synthesised by the same fungus it is synthesized by microfloral fermentation in ruminants Vitamin B12 can also be extracted from the liver directly
Absorption Storage and Excretion::
It units with the intrinsic factor of Castle present in the gastric juice to be absorbed by the ileum and finally stored in the liver It is sent from the liver to bone marrow to stimulate hematopoesis vitamin B12 is called the Extrinsic factor or Castles Hematinic principle It is stored in the liver and excreted through the stool and urine
Functions ::
1.Vitamin B12 is the extrinsic food factor of Castle which stimulates haematopoiesis of RBC
2. It cures pernicious anaemia not only in the blood but the subacute combined degeneration of the nucleic acid of the nerve cells
3. It is important in DNA metabolism
4.It also increases WBC and TC alongwith RBC
5.It is essential for maintenance of health of the nervous system
6.Vitamin B12 helps the process of transmethylation
7.Lipid formation from carbohydrates is stimulated by Vitamin B12
8.Hypoglycaemia of vit B12 deficiency is corrected by Vit B12
9.It helps in the process of isomerisation
Deficiency::
Vitamin B12 deficiency produces pernicious macrocytic or megaloblastic anaemia its deficiency also produces hypoglycaemia anorexia and nervous weakness
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