THALAMUS :::
It is a large oval mass of grey matter situated on either side of the third ventricle and extended some distance behind it physiologically it is an important sensory relay station for the impulses from cerebellum reticular formation basal ganglia impulses of pain temperature touch and kinaesthetic sensations are relayed there before reaching the cerebral cortex thalamus is also an important reflex centre for emotional reactions such as rage and anger Ventral part of the thalamus is mainly concerned with Arousal and alert reactions 
fig thalamus
Basal-nuclei ::
These are sub-cortical masses of grey -matter found within cerebral hemispheres included in basal -nuclei are ::
(1) Corpus striatum which consists of caudate nucleus globus pallidus and putaman
(2) Claustrum and
(3) Amygdaloid body many a times substantia nigra and red nucleus of mid -brain are also included in the basal unclei
Basal unclei can be considered as the primitive motor cortex for voluntary muscle activities They also control muscular activity and as mentioned before lesions to some part of basal nuclei (corpus-striatum) can produce parkinson s disease basal nuclei also control automatic and associated movements such as swinging of arms during walking Abnormal involuntary movements of skeletal muscles are also checked by basal nuclei
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