Thyroid Dysfunctions ::
These are Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism
A.Hypothyroidism :It develops due to deficiency of thyroid hormone It is called Cretinism in children and Myxoedema in adults In addition there may be colloidal goitre
1.Cretinism : The child is stunted in growth and height Its face is bloated and the child remains idiotic BMR is low if pregnant women is suffering from hypothyroidism child born may have abnormalities Hence it is advised that pregnant women must take iodized salt to prevent hypothyroidism and its consequences on to the new born
2.Myxoedema: In this condition the patients have puffy face with filter paper like dry skin scanty hair slow speech decreased intelligence amenorrhoea (in females) slow pulse and low B.M.R
3.Goitre : It is the condition of hypothyroidism in which the neck gets swollen with colloid due to iodine deficiency This disease is found in Alps and Himalayas where water does not contain iodine
B.Hyperthyroidism :: It is called Grave s disease and also Exophthalmic goitre So named because the eyes seem to be bulging out in the patient Really the eyelids are drawn up due to sympathetic stimulation and eyes therefore look staring The weight is rapidly lost mind is anxious and sharp skin is soft and red heart beats fast muscles show tremors and urine contains sugar BMR is very high Picture of hyperthyroidism is like a fast burning human mail train engine
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