BACTERIA ::
These are unicellular organisms that appear to be between animals and plants in classification Depending on their shape they are further classified as follows ::
a. Cocci :: They are round in shape and are found in chain pairs or clusters Streptococci are found in chains diplococci in pairs and staphylococci in clusters
b. Spirochaetes :: These are spiral shaped bacteria which make undulating movements Spirochaeta pallidum or Treponema pallidum is a spirochaete which produces a venereal disease called syphilis
c. Bacilli :: They are like minute rods Bacilus typhosus Mycobacterium tuberculosis etc are the common bacilli
d. Spirilla and Vibria :: They are wavy curved and coma shaped e.g Vibrio coma of cholera
Bacteria may also be classified into Gram +ve or Gram -ve depending upon whether they are stained by Gram stain or not Staphylococci Streptococci Diplococci Enterococci C diptheriae clostridium tetani etc are the examples of Gram +ve bacteria Gonococci Meningococci E coli Proteus Pseudomonas Salmonella (thphoid bacteria) Shigella Brucella Vibrio Cholerae Pasteurella etc Gram -ve bacteria Besides Gram +ve and Gram -ve bacteria there are acid fast bacilli (e.g. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Myco leprae) Spirochaetes (Treponema pallidum -the syphilis bacteria ) rickettsia Chlamydia etc which have different characteristics related to staining techniques
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