Functions of the Kidney ::
Kidneys try to maintain the optimum qualitative and quantitative concentrations of various substances in the blood by excreting abnormal substances from the blood and excreting those normal substances that are found in abnormal proportions so as to bring them to normal levels in the blood Detailed functions are as follows :
1. It maintains (a) water equilibrium (b) pH equilibrium (c) osmotic equilibrium and (d) ionic equilibrium of the blood
2.It excretes the waste products in the dissolved form These are the nitrogenous and sulphur containing end products of protein metabolism
3.It aids to keep up the optimum concentration of certain important substances
4. It excretes poisonous and foreign substances from the body This includes drugs toxins etc
5.It synthesises new substances namely ammonia hippuric acid and inorganic phosphates The manufactured ammonia aids to maintain acid base equilibration
Thus the kidneys excrete secrete synthesise and equilibrate to keep up the consistency of blood by the process of filtration secretion reabsorption synthesis and excretion
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