Common Communicable Diseases ::
The communicable or contagious or infectious diseases are those in which the causative organism may pass from person to person directly or indirectly scabies and venereal diseases spread by direct contact Leprosy spreads after prolonged contact Diseases like cholera typhoid dysentery etc spread through food fruits and water (water bone diseases) whereas tuberculosis pneumonia diphtheria etc spread through air i.e. via inhalation (air borne diseases or droplet infections ) Certain diseases like dengue malaria filaria plague etc spread through insects other diseases like syphilis gonorrhoea AIDS spread by sexual contacts All such diseases are refered to as Communicable Diseases
Water Borne Diseases ::
Water contains organic impurities obtained from animals and vegetables Such impurities are excreta and other extraneous matter which may contain disease producing germs called pathogens Cholera enteric fever dysentery diarrhoea poliomyelitis infective hepatitis amoebiasis etc spread by water or ingestion of food and such diseases are known as water borne diseases
Modes of Transmission and Spread of water borne diseases ::
1.These diseases are transmitted from person to person The contacts carriers and convalescents are the main sources of infection
2.By infected milk food and contaminated water which are taken by mouth
3.Fomites like clothes furniture books utensils etc spread the infection Bacteria can survive for many days on fomites
4.By coming in contact with stool vomit and urine of the patient the germs are transmitted to healthy persons through water milk beverages food and fruits which are often contaminated
5.The germs are also transmitted indirectly through flies when flies sit on excreta microbes get attached to its legs and when contaminate food articles
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