CILINICALLY OF PLAGUE ::
Cilinically plague is characterised by high fever inflammation of lymphatic glands called buboes formed on the body and /or inflammation of lungs Depending on these signs plague may thus be classified as follows ::
1.Bubonic plague :: Lymphatic glands are inflammed and surrounding part is swollen with oedema
2.Septicemic plague :; It is fatal as microbes are present in the blood
3. Pneumonic plague :: It spreads by droplet infection and not by rat flea
Microbes are present in large number in the sputum
The organisms of plague may be seen in sputum blood spleen lungs intestine and kidney Patients may have irregular pulse tremor coma etc
The incubation period is 3 to 5 days
It is a very fatal disease and mortality in pre antibiotic era was upto 75% Plague is an epizootic disease and it spreads by fleas and rats Fleas are of small size bright in colour and prefer darkness They can travel upto 20 to 30 meters but they fly very low It is primarily a disease of rats Rat gets infected from sewer rat when the disease breaks out healthy rats run away leaving the infected ones when the infected rat dies fleas attack the human beings
Germs enter lymph or blood by biting or by excreting infected faeces on the scratched skin in hot climate the flea dies soon
Pneumonic plague spreads from man to man directly through the inhalation of throat secretions of the patient and fomites
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