PHARMACOLOGY

 METHODS USED TO ACCELERATE THE RATE OF ABSORPTION OF DRUGS ::

1.Massaging favours quick absorption since it stimulates lymphatic circulation 

2.Increasing vascularity at the site by producing vasodilation e.g. hot fermentation accelerates absorption most of the organic mercurials e.g. neptal also contain theophylline which being a vasodilator increases its rate of absorption 

3.Oral absorption can be influenced by adjusting the pH of the medium increasing acidity or alkalinity affects ionization Lesser the ionization better the absorption 

4.Hyaluronidase enzyme if previously administered increases the permeability of the tissues to fluids and thus an infusion can be injected with a speed second to an intravenous injection Glucose saline is sometimes administered in this way when the vein is not easily accessible 

Absorption via Lungs (Inhalation) ::

Drugs given by inhalation are absorbed by simple diffusion in lungs Lipid soluble compounds diffuse most readily The correct form is a vapour an aqueous solution or a suspension of particles small enough to be evenly distributed over the mucous membrance Examples of agents which diffuse rapidly through the respiratory mucosa include nicotine volatile anaesthetics and disodium cromoglycate