PHARMACOLOGY

 Reduction of drugs ::

The halogenated and nitrated aromatic compounds are reduced by microsomal enzymes e.g halothane chloramphenicol and prontosil 

CF3CHBrCI_____________>CF3CH3

Halothane                                 1,1,1 trifluroethane 

    Some drugs like disulfiram chloralhydrate etc are reduced by non microsomal enzymes 

(C2H5)2 NCSS-SSCN (C2H5) ________>2(C2H5CSSH) 

    Disulfiram                                                    Diethyldithiocarbamic acid 

Hydrolysis ::

Esters such as acetylcholine procaine etc are hydrolyzed by a variety of non -specific esterases in liver plasma gastrointestinal tract and other tissues Amides such as lidocaine are hydrolyzed in the liver 

                                            HO

                                            II

(CH3) +NCH2CH2-O-C-CH3----->(CH3)3N-CH2CH2+CH3COOH

    Acetylcholine                                     Choline         Acetic acid