TREATMENT OF ORGANOPHOSPHOROUS POISONING ::
Atropine is the antidote for the treatment of organophosphorous poisoning it is administered in the dose of 2 mg given repeatedly to maintain heart rate Patient is also kept an artificial respiration and bronchial secretians are aspirated from time to time Cholinesterase reactivators are the ultimate treatment of organophosphorous poisoning
CHOLINESTERASE REACTIVATORS OR OXIMES ::
Certain oximes like diacylmonoxime (DAM) pyridine -2 aloxime (PAM) Obidoxime etc attack phosphorylated enzyme to form a soluble complex This results in setting free the esteric site and the regeneration and reactivation of the enzyme These compounds are useful in reversing the neuromuscular paralysis due to organophosphorous compound where atropine is ineffective or contraindicated
Diaceylmonoxime can cross the blood brain barrier and hence can also reverse the effect on autonomic ganglia and central nervous system Oximes are metabolized in liver and the metabolic products are eliminated in urine
The dosage of DAM and PAM is 1-2 gm given as i.v. injection Obidoxime is given in the dose of 3-6 mg/kg
Oximes also produce certain toxic effects like local irritation drowsiness giddiness blurred vision diplopia tachyacardia and hypotension
Some Market Preparation ::
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Constituent Trade Names Companies Suggested Use
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pilocarpine pilocar FDC Glaucoma
Bio-miotic Bell Pharma
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Edrophonium Tension
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Neostigmine Prostigmin Ciba Myasthenia gravis
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Ambenonium Mytelase
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Demacarium Humour sol
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Pralidoxime Neopam Troikaa Organophosphorous poisoning
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